Problem Set 2

Please submit on Blackboard Assignments by class time on Monday February 21.

Answers

Please read the instructions for completing homeworks.

Concepts and Critical Thinking

Please answer the following questions briefly (1-3 sentences). Use examples as necessary. Be sure to label graphs fully, if appropriate.

Question 1

Describe, in your own words, the (i) price effect, (ii) real income effect, and (iii) substitution effect from a price change.

Question 2

Under what conditions can the law of demand be violated (however theoretical)?

Question 3

For each of the following pairs, which of the two goods is more likely to have a low price elasticity of demand (less elastic) and why?

Part A

Demand for tangerines vs. demand for fruit

Part B

Demand for beef next month vs. demand for beef over the next decade

Part C

Demand for Exxon gasoline at the corner of 7th and Grand vs. demand for gasoline in the entire city

Part D

Demand for insulin vs. demand for vitamins

Question 4

Suppose that, holding prices constant, Alice has preferences over the number of books she purchases, illustrated in the table below.

Income	Books
$5	5
$10	6
$15	20
$20	25
$25	26
$30	10
$35	9
$40	8
$45	7
$50	6

Draw a smooth approximation of Alice’s Engel curve for books, and indicate the range(s) of income over which books are normal and/or inferior goods.

Quantitative Applications

Show all work for calculations. You may lose points, even if correct, for missing work. Be sure to label graphs fully, if appropriate.

Question 5

Steve spends his disposable income on meals at restaurants $(r)$ and paperback novels $(n)$. His usual restaurant meal costs $25, and paperback books cost $8. When Steve’s monthly income is $240, he goes out to eat 8 times and purchases 5 books. When his income rises to $282, he goes out to eat 10 times and purchases 4 books.

Part A

Calculate the income elasticity for meals at restaurants $(r)$. Is this an inferior, necessity, or luxury good?

Part B

Calculate the income elasticity for paperback novels $(n)$. Is this an inferior, necessity, or luxury good?

Question 6

Kendra buys eggs $(e)$, bagels $(b)$, and coffee $(c)$ for breakfast for the week.

Part A

When eggs are $2/carton, she buys 5 bagels. When the price of eggs falls to $1/carton, she buys 4 bagels. Calculate the cross-price elasticity between eggs and bagels. Are they complements or substitutes for Kendra?

Part B

When eggs are $2/carton, she buys 3 cups of coffee. When the price of eggs falls to $1/carton, she buys 6 cups of coffee. Calculate the cross-price elasticity between eggs and coffee. Are they complements or substitutes for Kendra?

Question 7

Sketch a graph showing an increase in the price of a good (on the horizontal axis, e.g. $x$ if you want). Indicate (i) the (real) income effect, (ii) substitution effect, and (iii) price effect on the graph. Labeling points and merely describing each of the three effects as a movement between specific points is sufficient.

Question 8

The demand for gym memberships is given by \[q_D=500-5p\]

Part A

Write the inverse demand function.

Part B

Calculate the price elasticity of demand at a price of $80. Is this relatively elastic or relatively inelastic?

Part C

What is the total revenue at a price of $80?

Part D

Calculate the price elasticity of demand at a price of $10. Is this relatively elastic or relatively inelastic?

Part E

What is the total revenue at $10?

Part F

At what price is demand unit elastic, i.e. $\epsilon_D=-1$?

Part G

What is the total revenue at the price you find in part (f)?

Last updated on Feb 21, 2022